Problem Description
Every now and then I hear the advice "Use bcrypt for storing passwords in PHP, bcrypt rules".
But what is `bcrypt`? PHP doesn't offer any such functions, Wikipedia babbles about a file-encryption utility and Web searches just reveal a few implementations of [Blowfish][1] in different languages. Now Blowfish is also available in PHP via `mcrypt`, but how does that help with storing passwords? Blowfish is a general purpose cipher, it works two ways. If it could be encrypted, it can be decrypted. Passwords need a one-way hashing function.
What is the explanation?
[1]: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blowfish_%28cipher%29
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